Intressanta frågor, Lingling. Låt mig komplettera med "svar" från Tom Shippeys intressanta
J. R. R. Tolkien, Author of the Century.
Lingling skrev:
Hm, jag tycker det låter mer som vikingar än som kelter, vikingarna hade runor, muntliga verk och sedan monument (runstenar etc) och för vardagligt bruk - de ristade in meddelanden i ben- och träbitar (som förstörts till stor del) eller för att märka saker (som på kammar) eller som klotter (det berömda väringsklottret i Miklagård).
Shippey skrev:
The fact is that the Riders, like the hobbits, are another image of Englishness – Old English, of course, not modern English, but English just the same. Tolkien later on denied this, insisting in a footnote to Appendix F (II) that the fact that he had ‘translated’ all Rider-names into Old English did not mean that Riders and Anglo-Saxons were any more than generally similar. But the ‘translation’ process runs very deep. […] There is, one has to admit, one thing about the Riders which does not resemble the historical ancestors of the English, which is that they are riders.
Lingling skrev:
Hur spridd runkunnigheten var är ju svårt att veta - men hur många greker eller romare kunde läsa (eller skriva) under klassisk tid?
Grovslavar, kvinnor, soldater osv. Vissa slavar (och fria) var specialister som skrivare osv.
När upphör ett folk att vara analfabeter?
Shippey skrev:
The oral nature of the Riders’ culture is further stressed in several ways. Almost the first thing Aragorn says about them is that they are ‘wise but unlearned, writing no books but singing many songs’. […] As they ride up to Meduseld between the royal barrows [… ], Gandalf looks at the white flowers that cover them and says, ‘Evermind they are called, simbelmyne in this land of men, for they blossom in all the seasons of the year, and grow where dead men rest.’ Tolkien makes a point here uncommon in the many attempts to present the barbarian past: that the very fragility of record in such societies makes memory all the more triumphant.
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) så är Rohirrim baserade/inspirerade av kelterna.
